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- WORLD, Page 61World NotesECONOMIESPrescribing Shock Therapy
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- Plagued by hyperinflation, Argentina and Brazil, South
- America's two largest economies, last week entered different
- forms of shock treatment to slow runaway wage and price
- increases. Brazil announced a hold on wage increases until July
- and an indefinite freeze on prices. Economy Minister Zelia
- Cardoso de Mello also disclosed plans to dismantle much of the
- country's elaborate system of indexation, which has been used
- since the 1960s to offset the effects of inflation. Among the
- system's inflation-fueling features scheduled to be phased
- out: so-called overnight bank accounts that pay interest to
- depositors by the day.
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- In Argentina, where a free fall in the value of the austral
- threatened to raise inflation astronomically, the central bank
- was forced to intervene. The appointment by President Carlos
- Saul Menem of a new Economy Minister, Domingo Cavallo, appeared
- to restore investor confidence. By week's end the austral had
- been stabilized -- at a value of roughly 36% less against the
- dollar than a week earlier -- and investment funds rose 40%.
- But inflation remains such an endemic problem for the economies
- of both Argentina and Brazil that the prospect of last week's
- actions leading to real progress remained doubtful at best.
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